--- Notes ---
得る means to obtain/to acquire
[Note negative form is enai えない]
Strictly speaking, the conjugations of 得る are:
- negative: えない
- masu form: えます
- te form: えて
- terminal form (i.e. at the end of sentences, or when attaching to
べき): える／うる
- attributive form (i.e. akin to such things as すきな for すき; used
when attaching to nouns): うる
- conditional form: うれば
It is the only 二段 (nidan) verb from old Japanese that hasn't fully
become an 一段 (ichidan) verb in modern Japanese. (える／うる in old
Japanese was う, so it has changed a little already.)
In summary, although うる is a more archaic way of saying える, the
only time you can choose between える／うる is when it comes at the
end of the sentence, or when attaching to べき (in which case, however,
うる is also preferable due to the also archaic nature of べき). This
means one should say for example うるために, うるように,
うること, うるところ and so on. Additionally, ありうる is
never ありえる.
However, in practice, the 'wrong' forms are still somewhat often used.
--- Examples ---
考え得る方法は全部試してみたが、どれも失敗に終わった
I tried everything I can think of, but everything failed.
そのようなことをしても得るべきものはなにもない。
There is nothing whatever to be gained by resorting to such move.
これらのガスは地球規模の温暖化をもたらし得る。
These gases can lead to global warming.
そういう事故は時折起こり得る事だ。
Such accidents can happen from time to time.
勤勉さが経験不足を補うこともあり得る。
Diligence may compensate for lack of experience.
計画を立てる前に、あまり慎重にし過ぎると、計画そのものがひっくり返ることも、時にはあり得るだろう。
Sometimes being overcautious in planning could upset the apple cart.
彼女はオリンピックでメダルを獲得しうる
She can win a medal in Olympics
--- Comments ---
Note that Edict examples presently include える and うる in the same
list. (contributor: your name)
Try not to get confused with える (same kanji /generally/ different
meaning). (contributor: Amatuka)
A verb-suffix 得る will generally have this meaning and /usually/ be
pronounced うる but I hear that it's increasingly common for that usage
to /also/ be pronounced える (contributor: Amatuka)
In summary : This is a pig of a word(s) ;-) (contributor: Amatuka)
うる is archaic or 文語体 whereas える is modern. However,うる is
still used, e.g., 考えうる、成しうる, etc. (contributor: bamboo4)
#6482 should say 'medal in THE Olympics' and should have a period at the
end. (contributor: ixtli)
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http://www.jgram.org/pages/viewOne.php?tagE=uru
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